ECONOMIC STATUS
Eskisehir is defined as the door of Middle Anatolia opening to West. In addition to transportation facilities, opportunities of energy, suitable agricultural structure and rich mine resources, Eskisehir is also one of the cities advanced in industry.
Rapid increase of urban population with respect to rural population, existence of educated human resources, closeness of city to domestic markets due to its geographical location, suitability of energy and raw material resources, sufficient investments in the area of industrial infrastructure help the regional industry to grow day by day.
1- Historical Background of Economic Development
In Eskisehir where economy depended on agriculture before the Republic, Locomotive and Maintenance Workshop was established by Germans in 1894 and transferred to TCDD (Turkish Republic Government Railway) enterprise in 1924.
After declaration of the Republic in 1933, Sugar Factory, Machine Factory and Sümerbank Cotton Factory in 1965 were established. Machine Factory departed from Sugar Factory and became an independent establishment in 1969. Those factories kept economy alive by contributing to industrial development.
In addition to governmental organizations, also the private sector invested in different areas and Soil Industry, Flour and Floury Products Industry, Wood Industry, Cement and Cement Products Industry, Steel and Steel Products with Steel Objects Industry and Machinery Industry developed.
Eskisehir became one of the developed cities of Turkey. Industrial regions such as the Organized Industrial Area and Small Industry Sites are formed to provide a place for industries to work more economically and comfortably.
In addition, F-16 Plane Motor Factory (TUSAS), the construction of which started in 1985 was completed before the planned date and opened and started production on the 10th of June, 1987.
2- Industry
Eskisehir is a preferred region for investors with its existing industrial infrastructure. Eskisehir is rather an attractive industrial center with its Organized Industrial Area equipped with all kind of suitable infrastructural facilities and widening development areas for industry which could not find development opportunities in West Anatolia and Marmara regions.
The sole Plane Motor Factory (TUSAS) and the sole Diesel Motor Production Factory (TÜLOMSAS) of Turkey are both in Eskişehir. In addition, Refrigerator Factory with the highest capacity of the country (ARCELIK) and Compressor factory are in Eskişehir and two new refrigerator factories are being planned to be established.
Furthermore, Eskişehir has a great share in biscuit and stove production of the country.
3. Agriculture and Stockbreeding
Eskisehir is one of the important agricultural centers of Turkey. The province which has a great share in cereal production has an important place in sugar beet production. Whole of the area owned cannot be planted every year because a great part of the area is dry. Furthermore, low level of annual precipitation makes this inevitable too.
| ESKISEHIR PROVINCE FIELD STATE |
| Type |
2008
(Hectare)
|
2009
(Hectare)
|
2009/2008
Proportion(%)
|
| Agricultural Field |
580,065
|
582,125
|
0.35
|
| Meadow- Pasture |
325,851
|
325,851
|
0
|
| Forest - Nursery |
331,263
|
331,263
|
0
|
| Other |
125,581
|
125,581
|
0
|
| TOTAL |
1,362,760
|
1,364,820
|
0.35
|
| AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION |
| Production |
2008
(Tons)
|
2009
(Tons)
|
2009/2008
Proportion (%)
|
Vegetable
(incl.various, greenhouse) |
166,557
|
145,062
|
-13
|
| Sugar Beet |
888,550
|
852,243
|
-4
|
| Potato |
48,415
|
40,614
|
-16
|
| Onion (dry) + Garlic (dry) |
171,518
|
124,386
|
-27
|
| Fruit (various) |
16,212
|
16,843
|
4
|
| Fresh Grape |
3,020
|
2,933
|
-3
|
| NUMBER OF LIVESTOCK |
| Type And Races |
2008
(Number)
|
2009
(Number)
|
2009/2008
Proportion (%)
|
| Buffaloes |
309
|
243
|
-21
|
| Female Bovines(Cow, Heifer etc.) |
81,201
|
76,692
|
-6
|
| Male Cattles (Steer, Bullock etc.) |
27,124
|
27,373
|
1
|
| Sheep |
427,819
|
449,133
|
5
|
| Goats - Ordinary |
53,302
|
47,320
|
-11
|
| Hens (Broilers, Laying Hens ) |
2,996,270
|
3,054,197
|
2
|
| Turkeys |
98,372
|
111,389
|
13
|
| Ducks |
4,825
|
4,626
|
-4
|
| Geese |
17,186
|
14,750
|
-14
|
| Hives |
10,962
|
14,705
|
34
|
| ANIMAL PRODUCTION |
| Production |
Unit
|
2008
|
2009
|
2009/2008
Proportion (%)
|
| Mohair + Hair Production |
Tons
|
118
|
109
|
-8
|
| Meat (Red) |
Tons
|
3,986
|
5,142
|
29
|
Water Production
(Fish, Shrimp etc.) |
Tons
|
44
|
34
|
-23
|
| Milk |
Tons
|
143,886
|
162,419
|
13
|
| Honey |
Tons
|
156
|
134
|
-14
|
| Hen Eggs |
Number
|
158,222,000
|
243,693,050
|
154
|
| Wool |
Tons
|
692
|
680
|
-2
|
| Feed Production |
Tons
|
242,473
|
142,243
|
41
|
Cold Storages and
Shock Units (capacity) |
M2
|
6,647
|
6,555
|
-1
|
4. Tax Incomes
In our province an income tax of 482,390,912.45 TL was realized for the year 2009. From this amount 414,243,755,36 TL could be received. The rate of revenues was 85.87%.
An income tax of 269,904,331.58 TL was realized for the first half year in 2010. The revenue was 181,015,869.96 TL.
5. Export
DISTRIBUTION OF EXPORT BY PRODUCT GROUPS ($)
|
SECTOR
| PRODUCTS AND GOODS |
2008
|
2009
|
2010
(AS OF JUNE)
|
I.AGRICULTURE
| A.HERBAL PRODUCTS |
2.990.006,16
|
7.676.891,62
|
2.381.704,03
|
Cerealst, Pulses, Oil Seeds and Products
|
2.731.236,41
|
6.024.082,03
|
792.919,85
|
Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
|
0,00
|
380.727,66
|
36.431,51
|
Fruit and Vegetable Products
|
84.287,02
|
357.193,97
|
435.711,39
|
Dried Fruits and Products
|
153.428,35
|
781.224,65
|
1.068.786,42
|
Nuts and Nut Products
|
13.325,92
|
93.606,18
|
47.854,86
|
Olive and Olive Oil
|
7.728,46
|
40.057,13
|
0,00
|
| B.ANIMAL PRODUCTS |
0,00
|
0,00
|
0,00
|
| C.WOOD AND FROREST PRODUCTS |
8.215.497,43
|
23.776.898,99
|
4.863.990,76
|
| TOTAL (A+B+C) |
11.205.503,59
|
31.453.790,61
|
7.245.694,79
|
II.INDUSTRY
| A.AGRO MANIFACTURED GOODS PRODUCTS |
1.884.917,46
|
3.516.185,82
|
2.644.095,63
|
Textiles and Raw Materials
|
832.994,51
|
2.610.771,26
|
2.057.364,68
|
Leather and Leather Goods
|
1.006.205,50
|
872.769,67
|
575.446,79
|
Carpet
|
45.717,45
|
32.644,89
|
11.284,16
|
| B.CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND GOODS |
31.024.488,88
|
32.222.359,76
|
21.061.213,69
|
| C.INDUSTRIAL GOODS |
531.691.089,92
|
455.817.091,76
|
282.056.431,76
|
Ready Wear and Confection
|
62.986.630,40
|
45.112.203,70
|
24.869.143,91
|
Automotive and Sub Industry
|
90.386.752,76
|
63.790.210,26
|
38.533.836,33
|
Electric-Electronic
|
71.897.068,24
|
81.803.280,61
|
57.213.199,47
|
Machinery and Components
|
210.317.025,01
|
182.684.975,84
|
101.901.838,17
|
Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metal
|
75.869.874,76
|
56.861.116,57
|
40.416.997,65
|
Iron and Steel Products
|
4.365.596,61
|
2.936.009,56
|
1.534.169,74
|
Cement and Clay Products
|
14.736.786,29
|
22.167.243,70
|
17.173.971,98
|
Nobel Metal and Jewelry
|
1.070.155,06
|
375.484,36
|
362.057,15
|
Other Industrial Goods
|
61.200,79
|
86.567,16
|
51.217,36
|
| TOTAL (A+B+C) |
564.600.496,26
|
491.555.637,34
|
305.761.741,08
|
| III.MINING | Mining Products |
29.361.486,70
|
46.552.471,16
|
31.134.258,00
|
STATISTICS OF IMPORT AND EXPORT (2009)
|
|
IMPORT ($)
|
2008-2009
IMPORT($) Increase
|
EXPORT($)
|
2008-2009
EXPORT($) Increase
|
2008
|
2009
|
2008
|
2009
|
January
|
32,099,399.00
|
15,231,399.00
|
-0.53%
|
25,575,668.00
|
24,030,453.00
|
-6%
|
February
|
38,452,955.00
|
10,081,274.00
|
-0.74%
|
29,705,645.00
|
16,500,795.00
|
-44%
|
March
|
40,631,629.00
|
34,202,919.00
|
-0.16%
|
32,219,298.00
|
25,451,505.00
|
-21%
|
April
|
44,907,585.00
|
19,383,077.00
|
-0.57%
|
26,380,152.00
|
20,338,736.00
|
-23%
|
Mai
|
44,074,499.00
|
15,317,465.00
|
-65%
|
26,442,551.00
|
20,179,266.00
|
-24%
|
June
|
47,040,349.00
|
22,648,996.00
|
-52%
|
37,323,804.00
|
23,285,923.00
|
-38%
|
July
|
38,523,162.00
|
20,495,566.00
|
-46%
|
30,586,892.00
|
24,826,876.00
|
-19%
|
August
|
26,539,753.00
|
20,122,683.00
|
-24%
|
35,078,904.00
|
22,201,085.00
|
-36%
|
September
|
28,503,818.00
|
22,133,699.00
|
-22%
|
35,855,927.00
|
24,380,345.00
|
-32%
|
Oktober
|
21,380,067.00
|
31,670,713.00
|
48%
|
28,359,896.00
|
29,902,158.00
|
5%
|
November
|
20,153,701.00
|
27,117,442.00
|
35%
|
26,325,357.00
|
28,198,186.00
|
7%
|
December
|
12,727,784.00
|
39,633,200.00
|
311%
|
30,025,540.00
|
32,218,198.00
|
7%
|
Toplam
|
395,034,701.00
|
278,038,433.00
|
|
363,879,634.00
|
291,513,526.00
|
|
6. Firms
COMPANIES AND NUMBERS IN ESKISEHIR PROVINCIAL-LEVEL
|
|
NUMBER OF SHAREHOLDERS
|
UNIT
| 2008 | 2009 |
2009/2008
Proportion % (+,-)
|
EQUITY
COMPANIES |
JOINT STOCK COMPANIES
|
5-50
|
Number
| 1.015 | 1.047 |
3%
|
>=50
|
Number
| | |
0%
|
| Limited Companies |
Number
| 5.611 | 5.898 |
5%
|
| COMMERCIAL PARTNERSHIP COMPANIES | Unlimited Companies |
Number
|
34
|
28
|
-18%
|
Commandite Companies
Natural Persons (Firms) |
Number
| 4.104 | 4.832 |
18%
|
7. Cooperatives
COOPERATIVES NUMBERS IN ESKISEHIR PROVINCIAL-LEVEL
|
Cooperatives
|
Unit
|
2008
|
2009
|
2009/2008
Proportion % (+,-)
|
BUILDING
CO-OPS
| House Building Co-ops |
Number
|
350
|
316
|
-10%
|
| Multi Store Construction Co-ops |
Number
|
8
|
8
|
0%
|
| Small Industry Co-ops |
Number
|
8
|
8
|
0%
|
| Cooperative Assosiations |
Number
|
2
|
2
|
0%
|
| Other Co-ops |
Number
|
0
|
0
|
0%
|
TRADESMEN AND CRAFTSMEN
CO-OPS
| Guarantee Co-ops for Tradesmen |
Number
|
9
|
9
|
0%
|
| Small Industrial Operating Co-ops |
Number
|
0
|
0
|
0%
|
| Motor TransportersCo-op |
Number
|
17
|
19
|
12%
|
| Co-op for supply, distribution and production |
Number
|
6
|
4
|
-33%
|
| Other Co-ops |
Number
|
0
|
0
|
0%
|
CONSUME
CO-OPS
| Consumer Co-ops |
Number
|
27
|
26
|
-4%
|
| Benefit Co-ops |
Number
|
3
|
3
|
0%
|
| Other Co-ops |
Number
|
0
|
0
|
0%
|
AGRICULTURAL CO-OPS
| Agricultural Sales Co-ops |
Number
|
2
|
3
|
50%
|
| Aquacultural Co-ops |
Number
|
6
|
6
|
0%
|
| Agricultural Development Co-ops |
Number
|
73
|
73
|
0%
|
| Fresh Vegetable and Fruit Co-ops |
Number
|
4
|
4
|
0%
|
| Co-op for aquaculture, irrigation and livestock |
Number
|
120
|
122
|
2%
|
| Sugar Beet Producers’ Co-ops |
Number
|
1
|
1
|
0%
|
8. Banking
Banking activities in Eskisehir begun at the end of 19th century with branches of Osmanli Bank and Ziraat Bank and the sector started to develop in 1930s and showed an exponential growth after 1950s. There are 103 banks including both private and governmental sectors in the province.
|
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